Let’s ask you a different question, then. A correlation coefficient of `0` means no correlation between two variables.Ĭonversely, causation is a relationship between two variables where one variable causes the other variable to change.Īt this point, you’re probably wondering: I have heard about causality a few hundred times, but do I need to care? In contrast, a correlation coefficient of `-1` means a perfect negative correlation between two variables. A correlation coefficient of `1` indicates a perfect positive correlation between two variables. Mathematically, correlation is measured by the correlation coefficient between `-1` and `1`. That’s a correlation, but it’s not causation.įor example, if you see a lot of birds in the sky and it starts raining, it doesn’t mean that the birds caused the rain. But a change in one variable doesn’t cause the other to change. But what does it mean? Why does the correlation between two events do not imply causality? What is up?Ĭorrelation is a relationship or connection between two variables where whenever one changes, the other is likely to also change. “Correlation does not mean Causation”: If you had a penny for every time you heard that line, you would probably be a millionaire by now. Figure 1: Causation and Correlation (source: tweet link).
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